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Popstan Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey 2000

Popstan, 2000
Popstan Central Statistics Office,
Créé le April 13, 2022 Dernière modification April 13, 2022 Affichage par page 71740 Documentation au format PDF Métadonnées DDI/XML JSON

identification

idno
IHSN 999 001
Titre
Popstan Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey 2000
metadata.study_desc.study_info.nation
metadata.study_desc.study_info.nation.name metadata.study_desc.study_info.nation.abbreviation
Popstan popstan
metadata.study_desc.series_statement.series_name
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey - Round 2 [hh/mics-2]
metadata.study_desc.study_info.abstract
At the World Summit for Children held in New York in 1990, the government of Popstan pledged itself to a Declaration and Plan of Action for Children. Subsequently, a National Programmed of Action for Children was developed and implemented. The Plan of Action also called for the establishment of mechanisms for monitoring progress toward the goals and objectives set for the year 2000. Toward this end, UNICEF has developed a core set of 75 indicators of specific aspects of the situation of children in coordination with other international organizations. A MICS survey was conducted in 1985 to measure progress at mid-decade. The 2000 Popstan MICS survey has been implemented to provide end-decade information on many of the indicators. Information on other indicators will be derived from the vital registration system and various disease monitoring systems.

The 2000 Popstan Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) is a nationally representative survey of households, women, and children. The main objectives of the survey are to provide up-to-date information for assessing the situation of children and women in Popstan at the end of the decade and to furnish data needed for monitoring progress toward goals established at the World Summit for Children and as a basis for future action.

Infant and Under Five Mortality
- Distortions in the MICS data on deaths among children preclude obtaining estimates of very recent mortality rates. The data suggest that the infant mortality rate was 45 per 1000 and the under five mortality rate was 52 per 1000 around 1993.

Education
- Eighty nine percent of children of primary school age in Popstan are attending primary school. School attendance in the South is significantly lower than in the rest of the country at 52 percent. At the national level, there is virtually no difference between male and female primary school attendance.
- More than two thirds of children who enter the first grade of primary school eventually reach grade five.
- The vast majority (88 percent) of the population over age 15 years is literate. The percentage literate declines from 93 percent among those aged 15-34 to 65 percent among the population aged 65 and older.

Water and Sanitation
- Eighty nine percent of the population has access to safe drinking water - 98 percent in urban areas and 78 percent in rural areas. The situation in the South is considerably worse than in other regions; only 31 percent of the population in this region gets its drinking water from a safe source.
- Ninety two percent of the population of Popstan is living in households with sanitary means of excreta disposal.

Child Malnutrition
- Nine percent of children under age five in Popstan are underweight or too thin for their age. Thirteen percent of children are stunted or too short for their age and three percent are wasted or too thin for their height.
- Children whose mothers have secondary or higher education are the least likely to be underweight and stunted compared to children of mothers with less education.

Breastfeeding
Approximately 12 percent of children aged under four months are exclusively breastfed, a level considerably lower than recommended. At age 6-9 months, 25 percent of children are receiving breast milk and solid or semi-solid foods. By age 20-23 months, only 12 percent are continuing to breastfeed.

Salt Iodization
- Seventy eight percent of households in Popstan have adequately iodized salt. The percentage of households with adequately iodized salt ranges from 57 percent in the South to 89 percent in the Central region.

Vitamin A Supplementation
- Within the six months prior to the MICS, 14 percent of children aged 6-59 months received a high dose Vitamin A supplement. Approximately 6 percent did not receive a supplement in the last 6 months but did receive one prior to that time.
- The mother's level of education is related to the likelihood of Vitamin A supplementation. The percentage receiving a supplement in the last six months increases from six percent among children whose mothers have no education to 16 percent among children of mothers with secondary or higher education.
- Only about 12 percent of mothers with a birth in the year before the MICS received a Vitamin A supplement within eight weeks of the birth

Low Birth weight
- Approximately 12 percent of infants are estimated to weigh less than 2500 grams at birth. This percentage is somewhat higher than the average for countries in the region.

Immunization Coverage
- Eighty seven percent of children aged 12-23 months received a BCG vaccination by the age of 12 months and the first dose of DPT was given to 84 percent. The percentage declines for subsequent doses of DPT to 79 percent for the second dose, and 75 percent for the third dose.
- Similarly, 87 percent of children received Polio 1 by age 12 months and this declines to 83 percent by the third dose.
- The coverage for measles vaccine is lower than for the other vaccines at 24 percent, primarily because only about 40 percent of children get the vaccine before their first birthday.
- Slightly over half of children had all eight recommended vaccinations in the first 12 months of life.
- Male and female children are vaccinated at roughly the same rate.
- Vaccination coverage is highest among children whose mothers have secondary or higher education. The education differences are greatest for the third doses of DPT and Polio, suggesting that drop out rates are higher among children with less educated mothers.

Diarrhea
- Approximately six in ten children with diarrhea received one or more of the recommended home treatments (i.e., were treated with ORS or RHF).
- Only 25 percent of children with diarrhea received increased fluids and continued eating as recommended.

Acute Respiratory Infection
- Four percent of under five children had an acute respiratory infection in the two weeks prior to the survey. Approximately 56 percent of these children were taken to an appropriate health provider.

IMCI Initiative
- Among under five children who were reported to have had diarrhea or some other illness in the two weeks preceding the MICS, 16 percent received increased fluids and continued eating as recommended under the IMCI programmed.
- Seventeen percent of mothers know at least two of the signs that a child should be taken immediately to a health facility.

Malaria
- In the areas of Popstan with the highest level of malaria risk, 72 percent of under five children slept under a bednet the night prior to the survey interview. However, only about five percent of the bednets used are impregnated with insecticide.
- Approximately 56 percent of children with a fever in the two weeks prior to the MICS interview were given Paracetamol to treat the fever and 53 percent were given Chloroquine while less than 1 percent were given Fansidar. A relatively large percentage of children (25 percent) were given some other medicine.

HIV/AIDS
- Thirty seven percent of women aged 15-49 know all three of the main ways to prevent HIV transmission - having only one uninfected sex partner, using a condom every time, and abstaining from sex.
- Thirty nine percent of women correctly identified three misconceptions about HIV transmission - that HIV can be transmitted through supernatural means, that it can be transmitted through mosquito bites, and that a healthy looking person cannot be infected.
- Sixty percent of women of reproductive age in [Country] know a place to get tested for AIDS and about 12 percent have been tested.
- The percentage of women who have sufficient knowledge of HIV transmission and the percentage who know where to get tested for HIV increases dramatically with the level of education.

Contraception
- Current use of contraception was reported by 45 percent of married or in union women. The most popular method is the pill which is used by one in four married women followed by female sterilization, which accounts for 10 percent of married women.

Prenatal Care
- Three out of four women with recent births in [Country] are protected against neonatal tetanus. The vast majority of these women received two or more doses of tetanus toxoid within the last three years.
- Virtually all women in Popstan receive some type of prenatal care and 75 percent receive antenatal care from skilled personnel (doctor, nurse, midwife).

Assistance at Delivery
- A doctor, nurse, or midwife delivered about 77 percent of births occurring in the year prior to the MICS survey. This percentage is highest in the South Central region at 99 percent and lowest in the South at 21 percent.

Birth Registration
- The births of 94 percent of children under five years in Popstan have been registered. There are no significant variations in birth registration across sex, age, or education categories.

Orphanhood and Living Arrangements of Children
- Overall, 64 percent of children aged 0-14 are living with both parents. Children who are not living with a biological parent comprise 7 percent and children who have one or both parents dead amount to 4 percent of all children aged 0-14.
- The situation of children in the South differs from that of other children. In the South, less than half of children live with both parents. Thirty six percent live with their mother only although their father is alive and a relatively large proportion (10 percent) are living with neither parent.

Child Labor
- About two percent of children aged 5-14 years engage in paid work. About twice as many - 4 percent - participate in unpaid work for someone other than a household member.
- Slightly more than half of children engage in domestic tasks, such as cooking, fetching water, and caring for other children, for less than four hours a days while 25 percent spend more than four hours a day on such tasks.
metadata.study_desc.study_info.data_kind
Sample survey data [ssd]
metadata.study_desc.study_info.analysis_unit
Household, individual (including adult women and children aged 5 and below)

version

metadata.study_desc.version_statement.version
Version 1.0 (edited/final), based on data files and other material downloaded from UNICEF/MICS website on 14 April 2006.
metadata.study_desc.version_statement.version_date
2001-04
metadata.study_desc.version_statement.version_notes
The Popstan dataset is a subset of data (fully anonymized) obtained from UNICEF. It was produced for the sole purpose of demo.

scope

metadata.study_desc.study_info.notes
The Popstan Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey had as its primary objectives:
- To assess the situation of children and women in Popstan;
- To evaluate progress towards achieving the goals of the World Summit for Children;
- To strengthen technical expertise in the country;
- To provide a basis for future action.

The topics covered by the survey included:
- At household level: Household Characteristics, Education, Child Labor, Salt Iodization.
- At women (15-49) level: Tetanus Toxoid, Maternal & NB Health, HIV/AIDS
- At child (<5) level: Birth Registration, Vitamin "A", Care of Illness
metadata.study_desc.study_info.topics
metadata.study_desc.study_info.topics.topic metadata.study_desc.study_info.topics.vocab metadata.study_desc.study_info.topics.uri
ECONOMICS [1] CESSDA http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
consumption/consumer behaviour [1.1] CESSDA http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
economic conditions and indicators [1.2] CESSDA http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT [3] CESSDA http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
in-job training [3.2] CESSDA http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
metadata.study_desc.study_info.keywords
metadata.study_desc.study_info.keywords.keyword metadata.study_desc.study_info.keywords.vocab metadata.study_desc.study_info.keywords.uri
keyword1 myvocab http://example.org/myvocab
keyword2 myvocab http://example.org/myvocab

coverage

metadata.study_desc.study_info.geog_coverage
The sample was designed to provide estimates of the indicators at the national level, for urban and rural areas, and for five regions: Central, South Central, East, West, and South.
metadata.study_desc.study_info.universe
The survey covered the whole resident sedentary population, with the exception of homeless.

producers_sponsors

metadata.study_desc.authoring_entity
metadata.study_desc.authoring_entity.name metadata.study_desc.authoring_entity.affiliation
Popstan Central Statistics Office Ministry of Planning
metadata.study_desc.production_statement.producers
metadata.study_desc.production_statement.producers.name metadata.study_desc.production_statement.producers.affiliation metadata.study_desc.production_statement.producers.role
Ministry of Health Government of Popstan Participation in data collection and analysis
metadata.study_desc.production_statement.funding_agencies
metadata.study_desc.production_statement.funding_agencies.name metadata.study_desc.production_statement.funding_agencies.abbreviation metadata.study_desc.production_statement.funding_agencies.role
Government of Popstan
United Nations Children Fund UNICEF, Popstan Office Funding and technical assistance
metadata.study_desc.oth_id
metadata.study_desc.oth_id.name metadata.study_desc.oth_id.role
World Health Organization (Popstan Country Office) Participation in data collection

Échantillonnage

metadata.study_desc.method.data_collection.sampling_procedure
The sample for Popstan Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) was designed to provide estimates of health indicators at the national level, for urban and rural areas, and for five regions: Central, South Central, East, West, and South. The sample was selected in two stages. At the first stage, 123 census enumeration areas were selected with probability proportional to size. After a household listing was carried out within the selected enumeration areas, a systematic sample of 4671 households was drawn. Because the sample was stratified by region, it is not selfweighting. For reporting national level results, sample weights are used.

Detailed information on the sampling methodology is available in Appendix A to the Survey Report.
metadata.study_desc.method.data_collection.sampling_deviation
There was no deviation from sample design.
metadata.study_desc.method.analysis_info.response_rate
Out of the 500 households selected for the MICS sample, 490 were found to be occupied. Of these, 480 were successfully interviewed for a household response rate of 98 percent. In the interviewed households, 450 eligible women aged 15-49 were identified. Of these, 435 were successfully interviewed, yielding an overall response rate for women of 96.7 percent. In addition, 200 children under the age of five were listed in the household questionnaire. Of these, the questionnaires were completed for 185 children for an overall response rate of 92.5 percent.
metadata.study_desc.method.data_collection.weight
Because the sample was stratified by region, it is not self-weighting. For reporting the national level results, sample weights were used. Variable hhweight is to be used to weigh records at the household level. Variables wmweight and chweight have been computed respectively to weigh records at the women and child level.

Collecte des données

metadata.study_desc.study_info.coll_dates
metadata.study_desc.study_info.coll_dates.start metadata.study_desc.study_info.coll_dates.end
2000-01 2000-03
metadata.study_desc.method.data_collection.coll_mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
metadata.study_desc.method.data_collection.act_min
In each district a team of people was selected – one supervisor for the district, controllers (one controller per 5-6 interviewers) and interviewers (whose number depended on the number of clusters in the region). For conducting the fieldwork, 10 teams were established - each was composed of three to four people, two interviewers (health workers), one laboratory technician and one driver. The MICS Coordinator provided overall supervision.

Several levels of control system were imposed:
1. During the field work, the controllers from the Ministry of Health conducted the first level of control immediately after receiving questionnaires from the interviewers.
2. Controllers and supervisors from the Ministry of Health conducted a second level of control on a sample of 10% of households.
3. The third level of control was carried out by supervisors from the WHO, UNICEF and Ministry of Health of on a sample of 5% of households.
metadata.study_desc.method.data_collection.coll_situation
The field staff was trained for five days in early January 2000.

Questionnaires

metadata.study_desc.method.data_collection.research_instrument
The questionnaires for the [Country] MICS were based on the MICS Model Questionnaire with some modifications and additions. A household questionnaire was administered in each household, which collected various information on household members including sex, age, literacy, marital status, and orphanhood status. The household questionnaire also includes education, child labor, water and sanitation, and salt iodization modules.

In addition to a household questionnaire, questionnaires were administered in each household for women age 15-49 and children under age five. For children, the questionnaire was administered to the mother or caretaker of the child.

The questionnaire for women contains the following modules:
- Child mortality
- Tetanus toxoid
- Maternal and newborn health
- Contraceptive use
- HIV/AIDS.

The questionnaire for children under age five includes modules on:
- Birth registration and early learning
- Vitamin A
- Breastfeeding
- Care of Illness
- Malaria
- Immunization
- Anthropometry.

From the MICS model English version, the questionnaires were translated into two languages: A and B. The questionnaires were pretested during November 1999. Based on the results of the pretest, modifications were made to the wording and translation of the questionnaires.

Traitement des données

metadata.study_desc.method.data_collection.cleaning_operations
The data were entered in 5 microcomputers using the specially prepared software in CsPro. The data were entered in the regional offices of the CSO, with 10 staff trained prior to data processing. In order to ensure quality control, the software was programmed to check the internal consistency of data entered. Procedures and standard programs developed under MICS and adapted to the Popstan questionnaire were used throughout. The SPSS-10 statistical package was used for data tabulation and analysis.

Evaluation des données

metadata.study_desc.method.analysis_info.sampling_error_estimates
To estimate the standard errors for MICS indicators we used the estimation of variance for the proportion given in the formula:
Vp’= Def*p (1-p)/(n-1), where:
p – proportion for the variance estimate,
n – sample size, and
Def – effect of sample planning for the observed group of indicators.
The standard error is the square root of Var xd'.

To calculate the variance for the whole population, the estimations of variance for the separate domains were summed.
The approximate design effect was derived from the estimation of the variance of the simple random sample, and from the estimation of the variance proposed in the ultimate cluster method. The design effect was calculated for all groups of variance and separately for all observed domains. All differences denoted as significant in the text are significant at the 95 percent confidence level, unless otherwise indicated.
metadata.study_desc.method.analysis_info.data_appraisal
As a basic check on the quality of the survey data, the percentage of cases missing information on selected questions is shown in Table 3 in the Survey Report. Fewer than one percent of household members have missing information on their level of education but three percent are missing data on the year of education. Among female respondents, 0.2 percent did not report a complete birth date (i.e., month and year). Three percent of women who had a birth in the 12 months prior to the survey did not report the date of their last tetanus toxoid injection. These low levels of missing data suggest that there were not significant problems with the questions or the fieldwork.

The data on weight and height are the most likely among the selected information to be missing. Approximately five percent of children are missing this information, which may be the result of the child not being present, refusal, or some other reason. By international standards, this percentage is relatively low in comparison to other surveys in which anthropometric measurements are taken.

The single year age distribution of household members by sex exhibits some distortions centered around age 15 for females and on age two for males. There appears to be significant heaping of women on ages 14-17 and perhaps a slight dearth of women ages 18-19. For both sexes, some digit preference is evident for ages ending in 0 and 5, a pattern typical of populations in which ages are not always known.

data_access

metadata.study_desc.data_access.dataset_use.contact
metadata.study_desc.data_access.dataset_use.contact.name metadata.study_desc.data_access.dataset_use.contact.email metadata.study_desc.data_access.dataset_use.contact.uri
UNICEF mics@unicef.org http://www.childinfo.org/index2.htm
Popstan Central Statistics Office info@cso.pop http://www.popstan-cso.pop
metadata.study_desc.distribution_statement.contact
metadata.study_desc.distribution_statement.contact.name metadata.study_desc.distribution_statement.contact.affiliation metadata.study_desc.distribution_statement.contact.email metadata.study_desc.distribution_statement.contact.uri
Director, Survey Department Popstan Central Statistics Office info@cso.pop http://www.popstan-cso.pop
Global MICS Coordinator UNICEF http://www.childinfo.org/index2.htm
metadata.study_desc.data_access.dataset_use.conf_dec
Data has been anonymized and is available for public use.
metadata.study_desc.data_access.dataset_use.conditions
MICS2 has put greater efforts in not only properly documenting the results published in the MICS2 country reports, but also to maximize the use of micro data sets via documentation and dissemination. For those MICS2 countries that granted UNICEF direct access to the micro data sets and documentation, a rigorous process was completed to ensure internal and external consistency, basic standards of data quality, corresponding documentation and, standardization of variable and value labels across countries.

For each country four SPSS data files were produced, corresponding to the four main units of analysis: households, household members, women in reproductive age (15-49 years of age) and children under the age of five. An additional Word file contains basic characteristics of the data such as year of the survey, sample sizes, weights, dictionary of variables and labels, and any existing limitations of the data files.

Data is available for download at http://www.childinfo.org/MICS2/MICSDataSet.htm

Data and metadata is provided to you for exclusive use. The data and/or metadata may not be transferred to any other user without prior authorization from UNICEF.
metadata.study_desc.data_access.dataset_use.cit_req
The following statement must be used as citation:

"Source of data: Popstan Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey 2000, Version 1.0 of the dataset (April 2001), provided by UNICEF (www.childinfo.org)"

metadata_production

metadata.doc_desc.idno
DDI-IHSN-999-001-1.0
metadata.doc_desc.producers
metadata.doc_desc.producers.name metadata.doc_desc.producers.abbreviation metadata.doc_desc.producers.role
United Nations Children Fund UNICEF Production of reference material
International Household Survey Network IHSN Conversion to DDI
metadata.doc_desc.prod_date
2006-04-25
metadata.doc_desc.version_statement.version
Version 1.0 (IHSN)